RESPONSE OF GBAGYI TRADITIONAL BUILDING PATTERN TO MODERN ARCHITECTURE IN ABUJA, NIGERIA

Abstract

This research examines the need to preserve and integrate Nigerian indigenous architecture, specifically focusing on the Gbagyi people's traditional building pattern. The aim of this study is to identify the elements of continuity or transformation within the Gbagyi traditional building pattern which has not been adequately explored. The study selected 100 traditional compounds in four Gbagyi settlements representing different historical periods, and conducted semi-structured interviews with compound heads to gather qualitative data. Additionally, physical observation examined Gbagyi buildings, while structured questionnaire was administered to 348 individuals knowledgeable about Gbagyi history and building patterns. Thematic analysis was applied to the interview data, and the questionnaire responses were analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) for descriptive analysis. The findings revealed that the Gbagyi pre-colonial building pattern was characterized by a circular form, with granaries as prominent features and mud and timber as primary building materials. The study also revealed the influence of modern architecture and external factors on Gbagyi architecture, leading to the adoption of modern designs, construction techniques, and materials in contemporary Gbagyi settlements. The findings have implications for the preservation and incorporation of indigenous architectural elements into contemporary Nigerian architecture.