GC-MS ANALYSIS OF YOYO AND RUZU BITTERS AND HISTOPATHOLOGICAL AND HEMATOLOGICAL EFFECT OF CO-ADMINISTRATION WITH ANTIDIABETICS IN ALLOXAN INDUCED DIABETES WISTAR RATS.

Abstract

The use of both herbal and Orthodox medicines together without prescription is now becoming a rampant practice among patients without knowing the side effects of the interaction.This study is aimed at determining the constituent compounds in Yoyo and Ruzu bitters and its effect in co-administration with ant diabetic agents.Nine groups of five (5) rats each were all induced with diabetes (with exception of the control group) and treated with ant diabetic agents Metformin, Glibenclamide and herbal bitters Ruzu and Yoyo bitters each. The rest of the groups received combination of one antidiabetic with either of the bitters i.e. (metformin+ yoyo and glibenclamide+ yoyo) and vice versa for a period of 14 days. A GC-MS analysis was also performed on the herbal biters.The GC-MS profile identified the presence of 77 phytochemical compounds in Yoyo and 25 in Ruzu bitters with Squalene (18.6235%) and 9-12 Octadecadienoic acid(79.0619%)as the most abundant phytochemicals respectively with powerful antioxidant properties.The glucose level decreases from day zero to day fourteen after co-administration of the bitters with the antidiabetic agents. Group VI (Met + Ruzu bitters), group VII (Met + Yoyo bitters), group VIII (Glib + Ruzu bitters) and group IX (Glib +Yoyo bitters) with glucose level of 21.02±4.05 mmol/lat day zero and 8.98±6.96 mmol/l at day 14, 20.66±2.70 mmol/l at day zero and 6.1±3.57 mmol/l at day 14, 17.32±11.80 mmol/l at day zero and 3.1±2.24 mmol/l at day 14, 29.18±5.19 mmol/l at day zero and 7.96±8.28mmol/l at day 14, respectively. Those group receiving metformin and glibenclamide alone has glucose level of 11.03± 8.78 mmol/l and 10.02± 8.87 mmol/l respectively. This sharp drop in glucose level when the antidiabetic drugs was co administered with the bitters shows a synergistic effect of the two.Histopathological assay of the organs of group VI and VII shows most improved cell state.The use of herbal bitters in coadministrationwith antidiabetic is proven to be very effective as a hypoglycemic agent considering also its rejuvenating effect on the organs assayed.