Predictive Mean Vote (PMV) Associated with Use of Alternative Window Types in Zaria, Nigeria

Abstract

The fact that windows contribute to the achievement of thermal comfort in various climatic conditions is clearly understood. However, there is the need for a better understanding of the relationship between window types and thermal comfort in order to optimize their use. This will result in the downsizing of mechanical systems, which is central to the pursuit of sustainable built environment. It is in this light that this paper examines the relationship between window types and PMV in buildings, with reference to the climatic conditions in Zaria, Nigeria. Autodesk Simulation Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) software was used to compare alternative window types using the comfort limits set by the ASHRAE Standard 55-2004 and ISO Standard 7730. The result shows that the PMV in spaces in Zaria will vary based on the window type used. This variation directly affects the PPD with the thermal comfort conditions within the space. Also, louvered and casement windows resulted in better thermal comfort. It is therefore recommended that casement windows and louver windows be used in buildings in Zaria since they can be opened when ventilation is required for thermal comfort and closed is cooler periods when much airflow is not required.