Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma of the Lacrimal Gland: A Case Report

Abstract

Background: Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC), a tumour previously believed to occur exclusively in the major salivary glands, was atypically recognized in the lacrimal gland. Few ophthalmologists are familiar with this rare neoplasm. Aim: This case is being reported for its rarity and the association with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Case Presentation: High-grade MEC of the lacrimal gland of the right eye was diagnosed in an orbital exenteration specimen of a 60-year-old man with stage 2 HIV disease with a cluster of differentiation (CD4) count of 442 cells/mm. In April 2021, he presented to the eye unit of the Faith Alive Foundation Hospital Jos, Nigeria with significant visual impairment in the right eye and a rapidly growing painful superolateral orbital mass. The tumour invaded and completely obliterated the anterior chamber. The lens, ciliary body, and iris were displaced posteriorly but were free from tumour infiltration. The tumour was exenterated, and the patient was subsequently referred for adjuvant radiotherapy. No evidence of recurrence or metastasis has been noted 5 years post-surgery. Conclusion: Early and decisive surgical intervention in a case of high-grade MEC of the lacrimal gland is crucial in forestalling local invasion as well as distant metastasis. Because of the possibility of local recurrence, long term follow-up of the patient is warranted.