Abstract:
When a parameter is changed, it does have a corresponding effect on the functional output- analytic in output through a chain reaction. Several studies have emphasised the influence of shading devices and window openings concerning the regulation of indoor thermal comfort within regular building forms. However, a relatively small body of research is concerned with the shape optimisation of free-form buildings in the control of solar radiation for the benefit of thermal comfort and building performance. This study explores the use of parametric design principles at the preliminary stage of the building design to enhance its optimisation by manipulating shading devices to reduce direct solar heat gains. This study was approached as a quantitative simulation study linked to the environmental factors (temperature, humidity, carbon dioxide, solar radiation, and humidity ratio) that can influence a buildings' performance. The study proposed a machine learning linear regression model for environmental factor prediction and design of a project comprising irregular forms reproduced in Rhinoceros software and simulated based on on-site responses to radiation was utilised. Rhinoceros was used with its graphical algorithm editor, Grasshopper, which allows the freedom to create algorithmic relationships for design processes visually. Data returned from the analysis using Rhinoceros software and plugins was analysed using Microsoft's Excel. Results obtained revealed that the simulation technique generates shading systems that counter excessive radiation of the building envelope and enhance thermal comfort from the design stage. It was evident from the data that shows that the amount of radiation exposure on the building façade reduced by 60% in all the months of the year after the introduction of the shading device system. The adoption of parametric design methods to optimise building performance leads to the choice of solutions that ensure considerable thermal comfort level whilst maintaining the aesthetical and visual quality of the building.
