Serum Interleukin - 6 Level Among Sudanese Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

Abstract

Background: High plasma interleukin-6 is common in chronic kidney disease patients due to chronic stress, prolonged inflammation, and fluid overload. However, conflicting opinions still exist. Moreover, the effects of age, sex, and ethnicity on interleukin-6 level in chronic kidney disease is not known. Aim: This study aimed to determine interleukin-6 level in chronic kidney disease patients in Khartum, Sudan.Methods: This is a cross-sectional laboratory based study. A total of 88 participants consisting of 44 chronic kidney disease patients and 44 apparently healthy control. Of the 44 chronic kidney disease patients, 27 (61%) were male and 17 (39%) female. According to their age, 15 (34%) ≤ 40 years and 29 (66%) ˃ 40 years old. Concerning the duration of disease, 31 (70%) were ≤ 2 years and 13 (30%) were ˃ 2 years. Hemoglobin and interleukin-6 concentration were determined using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Results: Plasma interleukin -6 levels was significantly (p= 0.011) elevated in chronic kidney disease (Mean ± SD = 51.72 ± 9.63) compared to control group (Mean ± SD = 24.77±3.27). When hemoglobin was considered, interleukin -6 correlates negatively with significant difference (Correlation coefficient = -0.0364, p = 0.033). However, there was no statistical significant difference among the sex, age, and duration of the disease.Conclusion: Interleukin -6 level was significantly elevated in chronic kidney disease. There was no significant difference in the interleukin -6 level among the sex, age, and duration of the disease. When hemoglobin was considered, there was a negative correlation with interleukin -6